{"id":5591,"date":"2017-11-12T13:40:03","date_gmt":"2017-11-12T05:40:03","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/tokuhon.blog\/?p=5591"},"modified":"2018-05-23T01:12:34","modified_gmt":"2018-05-22T17:12:34","slug":"5591","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tokuhon.blog\/?p=5591","title":{"rendered":"\u5730\u7de3\u770b\u5730\u7522(2)\uff1a\u586b\u6d77\u5f97\u4f86\u7684\u5546\u5708\uff08\u4e2d\u74b0\uff09\u2502\u6881\u96bc"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u8cb7\u623f\u5c31\u8981\u9078\u64c7\u6700\u8208\u65fa\u7684\u5730\u65b9\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u662f\u672a\u4f86\u5c07\u6703\u8b8a\u5f97\u8208\u65fa\u7684\u5730\u65b9\uff0c\u4f55\u8b02\u6700\u8208\u65fa\u7684\u5730\u65b9\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u4f86\u8aaa\u5c31\u662f\u53c8\u6709\u8f03\u591a\u5de5\u4f5c\u6a5f\u6703\uff0c\u53c8\u6709\u8f03\u591a\u5546\u5834\u5e97\u92ea\u8cfc\u7269\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u3002\u7576\u4e2d\u53c8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u70ba\u300c\u50b3\u7d71\u65fa\u5340\u300d\u548c\u300c\u65b0\u8208\u65fa\u5340\u300d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u50b3\u7d71\u65fa\u5340\u5c31\u662f\u57ce\u5e02\u4e00\u958b\u59cb\u5c31\u767c\u5c55\u7684\u5730\u65b9\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u6b77\u53f2\u60a0\u4e45\u7684\u5730\u65b9\uff0c\u5728\u897f\u65b9\u793e\u6703\u5f80\u5f80\u5c31\u662f\u6559\u5802\u7684\u6240\u5728\uff0c\u81f3\u65bc\u5728\u83ef\u4eba\u7684\u793e\u6703\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u5edf\u5b87\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u66f4\u591a\u662f\u4ee5\u524d\u7684\u300c\u8859\u9580\u300d\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u4f8b\u5982\u4e0a\u6d77\u7e23\u57ce\u5c31\u662f\u6700\u65e9\u767c\u5c55\u7684\u5730\u65b9\uff0c\u4e4b\u5f8c\u624d\u6709\u4ee5\u897f\u7684\u6cd5\u79df\u754c\uff0c\u548c\u4ee5\u5317\u7684\u516c\u5171\u79df\u754c\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n

\u65b0\u8208\u65fa\u5340\u5c31\u662f\u65b0\u958b\u58be\u7684\u571f\u5730\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u662f\u653f\u5e9c\u6279\u51fa\u65b0\u7684\u767c\u5c55\u5340\uff0c\u53c8\u6216\u8005\u662f\u820a\u6709\u7684\u5927\u578b\u7522\u696d\u9077\u51fa\u5f8c\u88ab\u5927\u898f\u6a21\u6536\u8cfc\u4e00\u6574\u500b\u5340\u57df\u518d\u91cd\u65b0\u767c\u5c55\u3002\u53c8\u7528\u4e0a\u6d77\u70ba\u4f8b\uff0c\u6d66\u6771\u56fa\u7136\u662f\u65b0\u8208\u65fa\u5340\uff0c\u5728\u6c5f\u5357\u9020\u8239\u5ee0\u9077\u5f80\u9577\u8208\u5cf6\u5f8c\uff0c\u820a\u5ee0\u5730\u5728\u8209\u8fa6\u4e16\u535a\u5f8c\u53c8\u518d\u91cd\u65b0\u767c\u5c55\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n

\u540c\u6a23\u7684\u73fe\u8c61\uff0c\u4e5f\u5728\u9999\u6e2f\u9019\u500b\u5730\u5c11\u4eba\u591a\u7684\u57ce\u5e02\u767c\u751f\uff0c\u7279\u5225\u662f\u9999\u6e2f\u5cf6\u4e36\u4e5d\u9f8d\u7684\u5e02\u5340\u5f88\u591a\u5340\u57df\u90fd\u662f\u65fa\u5340\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u6bcf\u500b\u5730\u5340\u7684\u6b77\u53f2\u548c\u767c\u5c55\u90fd\u662f\u4e0d\u4e00\u6a23\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6709\u4e9b\u5730\u5340\u7684\u623f\u50f9\u6703\u8868\u73fe\u7a81\u51fa\uff0c\u6703\u8dd1\u8d0f\u5176\u4ed6\u5730\u5340\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4ee5\u9999\u6e2f\u5cf6\u70ba\u4f8b\uff0c\u4e2d\u74b0\u548c\u9285\u947c\u7063\u662f\u6700\u65fa\u7684\u5340\u57df\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u5730\u5340\u8981\u8fce\u982d\u8d95\u4e0a\u7d55\u5c0d\u4e0d\u6613\u3002\u70ba\u4f55\u504f\u504f\u662f\u4e2d\u74b0\u4e36\u9285\u947c\u7063\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u8d64\u67f1\u4e36\u9999\u6e2f\u4ed4\uff1f\u9019\u500b\u5c31\u8981\u8ffd\u6714\u5230\u9999\u6e2f\u958b\u57e0\u6642\u8aaa\u8d77\u3002\u8a71\u8aaa\u82f1\u570b\u4eba\u4f86\u6e2f\u958b\u57e0\u524d\uff0c\u6700\u65fa\u7684\u5730\u5340\u7684\u78ba\u662f\u8d64\u67f1\uff0c\u53ef\u60dc\u82f1\u570b\u4eba\u8a8d\u70ba\u8d64\u67f1\u5c71\u591a\u5e73\u5730\u5c11\uff0c\u6c92\u6709\u591a\u5927\u5730\u65b9\u767c\u5c55\uff0c\u52a0\u4e0a\u4e95\u6c34\u4e0d\u4e7e\u6de8\uff0c\u885b\u751f\u60c5\u6cc1\u5f88\u5dee\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5c31\u8981\u53e6\u8993\u5730\u65b9\u767c\u5c55\u3002<\/p>\n

1842\u5e74\u7684\u6280\u8853\u548c\u904b\u8f38\u529b\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u628a\u98df\u6c34\u4e36\u6750\u6599\u7b49\u7269\u8cc7\u6e90\u6e90\u4e0d\u7d55\u7531\u82f1\u570b\u9001\u5230\u9999\u6e2f\uff0c\u8981\u767c\u5c55\u53ea\u6709\u5c31\u5730\u53d6\u6750\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u6c34\u6e90\u65b9\u9762\u7576\u5e74\u6c92\u6709\u6c34\u52d9\u5c40\uff0c\u66f4\u4e0d\u8981\u60f3\u6709\u6c34\u5858\u548c\u6771\u6c5f\u6c34\uff0c\u8993\u5730\u767c\u5c55\u5c31\u8981\u627e\u500b\u8fd1\u6c34\u6e90\u7684\uff0c\u7576\u6642\u82f1\u8ecd\u767b\u9678\u9999\u6e2f\u5c31\u9078\u64c7\u4e86\u9999\u6e2f\u5cf6\u897f\u9762\u7684\u4e00\u7247\u7a81\u51fa\u7684\u9ad8\u5730\uff0c\u65e2\u5e73\u5766\u53c8\u81e8\u6d77\uff0c\u9084\u6709\u4e00\u689d\u5927\u6c34\u5751\u63d0\u4f9b\u6c34\u6e90\uff0c\u8a72\u5730\u5c31\u662f\u4eca\u65e5\u4e0a\u74b0\u7684\u300c\u6c34\u5751\u53e3\u8857\u300d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e4b\u5f8c\u6b96\u6c11\u653f\u5e9c\u628a\u897f\u74b0\u81f3\u9285\u947c\u7063\u7684\u5217\u70ba\u7dad\u591a\u5229\u4e9e\u57ce\uff0c\u4ee5\u9d28\u5df4\u7538\u8857\u70ba\u754c\uff0c\u5206\u958b\u6d0b\u4eba\uff08\u4eca\u4e2d\u74b0\u81f3\u7063\u4ed4\uff09\u8207\u83ef\u4eba\uff08\u4eca\u897f\u74b0\u53ca\u4e0a\u74b0\uff09\u7bc4\u570d\uff0c\u5f9e\u6b64\u4e2d\u74b0\u5c31\u6210\u70ba\u6d0b\u4eba\u9032\u884c\u8cbf\u6613\u7684\u5730\u65b9\uff0c\u4e2d\u74b0\u5f97\u5929\u7368\u539a\u7684\u5730\u4f4d\u5c31\u9019\u6a23\u5f62\u6210\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n

\u73fe\u6642\u9999\u6e2f\u7dad\u6e2f\u5169\u5cb8\u53d7\u5230\u300a\u4fdd\u8b77\u6d77\u6e2f\u689d\u4f8b\u300b\u800c\u4e0d\u80fd\u518d\u586b\u6d77\uff0c19\u4e16\u7d00\u6642\u4e5f\u56e0\u70ba\u5229\u76ca\u554f\u984c\u4ee4\u4e2d\u74b0\u6709\u4e09\u5341\u5e74\u6c92\u6709\u586b\u6d77\uff0c\u8a71\u8aaa\u521d\u671f\u8ce3\u5730\u7684\u5730\u4e3b\u662f\u64c1\u6709\u6d77\u5cb8\u7dda\u7684\uff0c\u5730\u4e3b\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u6d77\u5cb8\u7dda\u4f5c\u70ba\u78bc\u982d\u4e4b\u7528\uff0c\u586b\u6d77\u5f8c\u539f\u6709\u5730\u76ae\u7684\u5730\u4e3b\u5c31\u6c92\u6709\u4e86\u6d77\u5cb8\u7dda\uff0c\u5c0d\u7576\u6642\u4ee5\u6d77\u904b\u70ba\u4e3b\u7684\u83ef\u6d0b\u8cbf\u6613\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u90fd\u76f8\u7576\u4e4b\u5927\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e4b\u5f8c\u80fd\u5920\u91cd\u65b0\u958b\u5c55\u586b\u6d77\u9020\u5730\u5c31\u6709\u8cf4\u7f6e\u5730\u516c\u53f8\u7684\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4f4d\u5275\u8fa6\u4eba\u4fdd\u7f85\u30fb\u200b\u200b\u906e\u6253\u5148\u751f\u52aa\u529b\u904a\u8aaa\u9999\u6e2f\u653f\u5e9c\u5728\u4e2d\u74b0\u9032\u884c\u586b\u6d77\u5de5\u7a0b\uff0c\u586b\u6d77\u5b8c\u6210\u5f8c\u7f6e\u5730\u516c\u53f8\u5c31\u7528\u5f88\u5e73\u7684\u50f9\u9322\u8cb7\u4e0b\u4e86\u591a\u5e45\u5730\u76ae\uff0c\u65bc1904-1905\u5e74\u9593\u8208\u5efa\u4e86\u4e94\u5e624-5\u5c64\u9ad8\u7684\u5927\u5ec8\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u8056\u4f50\u6cbb\u5927\u5ec8\u4e36\u570b\u738b\u5927\u5ec8\u4e36\u7d04\u514b\u5927\u5ec8\u4e36\u806f\u5408\u5927\u5ec8\u548c\u963f\u6b77\u5c71\u5927\u884c\uff0c\u65bc\u662f\u5c31\u5f62\u6210\u4e86\u73fe\u6642\u7684\u4e2d\u74b0\u5beb\u5b57\u6a13\u7fa4\u3002<\/p>\n

1980\u5e74\uff0c\u7f6e\u5730\u5ba3\u5e03\u5c55\u958b\u96ea\u5ee0\u88579\u865f\u91cd\u5efa\u8a08\u5283\uff0c\u7576\u6642\u7f6e\u5730\u50c5\u64c1\u6709\u96ea\u5ee0\u8857\u8377\u862d\u884c\u53ca\u6709\u5229\u9280\u884c\u820a\u5740\u5730\u6bb5\uff0c\u5176\u5f8c\u7f6e\u5730\u5148\u5f8c\u65bc1982\u53ca1987\u5e74\u8cfc\u5165\u5ee3\u6771\u9280\u884c\u5927\u5ec8\uff08\u5fb7\u8f14\u9053\u4e2d8\u865f\uff09\u53ca\u7403\u7fa9\u5927\u5ec8\u5730\u76ae\uff0c\u5c07\u539f\u4f86\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u842c\u65b9\u544e\u5730\u76e4\u5408\u4f75\u62103\u842c\u591a\u65b9\u544e\u5730\u76e4\u3002\u91cd\u5efa\u8a08\u5283\u65bc1991\u5e7412\u6708\u6700\u7d42\u843d\u6210\uff0c\u4e26\u88ab\u547d\u540d\u70ba\u300c\u5927\u9053\u4e2d\u4e5d\u865f\u300d\u3002<\/p>\n

1982\u5e74\u4e2d\u74b0\u7d71\u4e00\u78bc\u982d\u586b\u6d77\uff0c\u7f6e\u5730\u6295\u5f97\u4ea4\u6613\u5ee3\u5834\u9805\u76ee\uff1b1996\u5e74\u7af6\u6295\u6a5f\u5834\u9435\u8def\u4e2d\u74b0\u7e3d\u7ad9\u4e0a\u84cb\u76ee\uff0c\u5373\u570b\u969b\u91d1\u878d\u4e2d\u5fc3(IFC)\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u88ab\u65b0\u5730\u4e36\u6046\u5730\u7d44\u6210\u8ca1\u5718\u64ca\u6557\u3002\u5f9e\u6b64\u6253\u7834\u4e86\u7f6e\u5730\u5728\u4e2d\u74b0\u7684\u58df\u65b7\u5730\u4f4d\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n

\u73fe\u6642\u7f6e\u5730\u516c\u53f8\u5728\u9999\u6e2f\u4e2d\u74b0\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7684\u5beb\u5b57\u6a13\u53ca\u5546\u5834\u7fa4\u7d44\uff1a\u5305\u62ec\u6b77\u5c71\u5927\u5ec8\u4e36\u906e\u6253\u5927\u5ec8\u4e36\u4ea4\u6613\u5ee3\u5834\u7b2c\u4e00\u5ea7\u4e36\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5ea7\u53ca\u7b2c\u4e09\u5ea7\u4e36\u5bcc\u81e8\u95a3\u4e36\u6021\u548c\u5927\u5ec8\u4e36\u7f6e\u5730\u5ee3\u5834\u4e36\u516c\u7235\u5927\u5ec8\u4e36\u544a\u7f85\u58eb\u6253\u5927\u5ec8\u4e36\u7d04\u514b\u5927\u5ec8\u4e36\u592a\u5b50\u5927\u5ec8\u3002\u6240\u6709\u5546\u696d\u5927\u5ec8\u5408\u5171\u63d0\u4f9b500\u842c\u5e73\u65b9\u544e\u7684\u5546\u7528\u6a13\u9762\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u4f86\u6e90\uff1ahttps:\/\/zhuanlan.zhihu.com\/p\/30973882<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u8cb7\u623f\u5c31\u8981\u9078\u64c7\u6700\u8208\u65fa\u7684\u5730\u65b9\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u662f\u672a\u4f86\u5c07\u6703\u8b8a\u5f97\u8208\u65fa\u7684\u5730\u65b9\uff0c\u4f55\u8b02\u6700\u8208\u65fa\u7684\u5730\u65b9\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u4f86\u8aaa\u5c31\u662f\u53c8\u6709\u8f03\u591a\u5de5\u4f5c\u6a5f\u6703\uff0c\u53c8\u6709\u8f03 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":7348,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_bbp_topic_count":0,"_bbp_reply_count":0,"_bbp_total_topic_count":0,"_bbp_total_reply_count":0,"_bbp_voice_count":0,"_bbp_anonymous_reply_count":0,"_bbp_topic_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_reply_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_forum_subforum_count":0,"advanced_seo_description":"","jetpack_seo_html_title":"","jetpack_seo_noindex":false,"jetpack_seo_schema_type":"","_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_wpcom_ai_launchpad_first_post":false,"_jetpack_hide_featured_image":false,"_jetpack_featured_image_duplicate_dismissed":0,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"{title}\n\n{excerpt}\n\n{url}","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":false,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"_wpas_customize_per_network":false,"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[603639152,603689565,603688771],"tags":[602409439,408807718],"class_list":["post-5591","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-leungchun","category-column","category-property","tag-602409439","tag-408807718"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/s9lhKB-5591","jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/tokuhon.blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/v2-52cdd3b5453ea7e8ba97d78945ba3c41_r.jpg?fit=640%2C480&ssl=1","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/tokuhon.blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5591","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/tokuhon.blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/tokuhon.blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tokuhon.blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tokuhon.blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=5591"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/tokuhon.blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5591\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":16825,"href":"https:\/\/tokuhon.blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5591\/revisions\/16825"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tokuhon.blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/7348"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/tokuhon.blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=5591"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tokuhon.blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=5591"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tokuhon.blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=5591"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}