{"id":4107,"date":"2017-12-11T15:18:52","date_gmt":"2017-12-11T07:18:52","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/tokuhon.blog\/?p=4107"},"modified":"2018-03-01T08:29:05","modified_gmt":"2018-03-01T00:29:05","slug":"4107","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tokuhon.blog\/?p=4107","title":{"rendered":"\u80a1\u7968\u5165\u9580(11)\uff1a\u4f01\u696d\u7684\u7d55\u5c0d\u50f9\u503c\u2502\u812b\u82e6\u6d77"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"8200\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/tokuhon.blog\/?attachment_id=8200\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/tokuhon.blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/v2-5f8088be6f4f6b393c669e6816d688fe_r.jpg?fit=1000%2C750&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1000,750\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"v2-5f8088be6f4f6b393c669e6816d688fe_r\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/tokuhon.blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/v2-5f8088be6f4f6b393c669e6816d688fe_r.jpg?fit=300%2C225&amp;ssl=1\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/tokuhon.blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/v2-5f8088be6f4f6b393c669e6816d688fe_r.jpg?fit=1000%2C750&amp;ssl=1\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-8200\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/tokuhon.blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/v2-5f8088be6f4f6b393c669e6816d688fe_r.jpg?resize=300%2C225&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/tokuhon.blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/v2-5f8088be6f4f6b393c669e6816d688fe_r.jpg?resize=300%2C225&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/tokuhon.blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/v2-5f8088be6f4f6b393c669e6816d688fe_r.jpg?resize=320%2C240&amp;ssl=1 320w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/tokuhon.blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/v2-5f8088be6f4f6b393c669e6816d688fe_r.jpg?w=1000&amp;ssl=1 1000w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/p>\n<figure><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"content_image lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/pic1.zhimg.com\/50\/v2-9761234ffaf11ef91cf1e482255d1c76_hd.jpg?w=368&#038;ssl=1\"  \/><\/figure>\n<p>\u57fa\u672c\u5206\u6790\u6d41\u884c\u4f7f\u7528\u597d\u5e7e\u7a2e\u6bd4\u7387\u4f5c\u70ba\u5206\u6790\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u7b46\u8005\u8a8d\u70ba\u53ef\u6b78\u985e\u70ba\u5169\u5927\u7a2e\uff1a\u4f01\u696d\u7684\u7d55\u5c0d\u50f9\u503c\u8207\u80a1\u7968\u7684\u76f8\u5c0d\u4f30\u503c\u3002\u7d55\u5c0d\u50f9\u503c\u53ef\u61c9\u7528\u5728\u4efb\u4f55\u516c\u53f8\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4e0a\u5e02\u53ca\u975e\u4e0a\u5e02\u5728\u5167\u3002\u4f46\u76f8\u5c0d\u4f30\u503c\u53ea\u61c9\u7528\u5728\u4e0a\u5e02\u516c\u53f8\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u4e43\u662f\u5c07\u7d55\u5c0d\u50f9\u503c\u8207\u5e02\u5834\u4e0a\u4ea4\u6613\u7684\u80a1\u50f9\uff08\u6216\u7a31\u5e02\u503c\uff09\u6bd4\u8f03\u3002\u8cea\u7d20\u4e0a\u4f73\u7684\u4f01\u696d\u5982\u679c\u4ee5\u504f\u9ad8\u7684\u4f30\u503c\u8cfc\u5165\uff0c\u6295\u8cc7\u6210\u7e3e\u540c\u6a23\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0d\u7406\u60f3\u3002\u76f8\u53cd\u67d0\u4e9b\u8868\u73fe\u6b20\u4f73\u7684\u516c\u53f8\uff0c\u5982\u80fd\u5728\u4f30\u503c\u504f\u4f4e\u6642\u8cfc\u5165\uff0c\u6216\u6709\u610f\u5916\u9a5a\u559c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6703\u8a08\u5b78\u5c07\u5404\u7a2e\u6703\u8a08\u9805\u76ee\u4f5c\u51fa\u6bd4\u8f03\uff0c\u8861\u91cf\u4f01\u696d\u7684\u5065\u5eb7\u6c34\u5e73\uff0c\u5982\u7372\u5229\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u9ad8\u4f4e\u3001\u6d41\u52d5\u8cc7\u7522\u8207\u8ca0\u50b5\u662f\u5426\u5339\u914d\u3001\u8cc7\u672c\u904b\u7528\u6548\u7387\u7b49\uff0c\u4f86\u8a08\u7b97\u4f01\u696d\u7684\u7d55\u5c0d\u50f9\u503c\u3002\u9019\u6a21\u64ec\u7387\u6578\u4ee5\u767e\u8a08\uff0c\u7b46\u8005\u4ecb\u7d39\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7bc4\u7587\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\u76c8\u5229\u80fd\u529b(Profitability)<\/p>\n<p>\u56de\u5831\u80fd\u529b(Return)<\/p>\n<p>\u8ca0\u50b5\u6bd4\u7387(Liability)<\/p>\n<p>\u8b8a\u73fe\u80fd\u529b(Liquidity)<\/p>\n<p><b><u>\u76c8\u5229\u80fd\u529b(Profitability)<\/u><\/b><\/p>\n<figure><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/pic3.zhimg.com\/50\/v2-15d673e731be819c3e4e96fb90a3ea1c_hd.jpg?w=598&#038;ssl=1\"  \/><\/figure>\n<p>\u5373\u662f\u6bcf\u505a\u591a\u5c11\u751f\u610f\u80fd\u5920\u8cfa\u5230\u591a\u5c11\u5229\u6f64\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u908a\u969b\u6bdb\u5229\u7387\u662f13%\uff0c\u6bcf\u505a$100\u751f\u610f\u80fd\u5920\u8cfa\u5230$13\u3002\u5229\u6f64\u6709\u6bdb\u5229(gross profit)\u8207\u7d14\u5229(net profit)\u4e4b\u5206\uff0c\u9019\u5169\u500b\u540d\u8a5e\u7684\u5b9a\u7fa9\u7d93\u5e38\u88ab\u6df7\u6dc6\uff0c\u7b46\u8005\u8209\u4e00\u500b\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a\u5728\u4e00\u4e9b\u51fa\u53e3\u8ca8\u54c1\u7684\u7d19\u7bb1\u5916\u95dc\u65bc\u91cd\u91cf\u7684\u8aaa\u660e\u901a\u5e38\u6703\u5217\u660e\uff1agross weight, tare, net weight\uff0c\u4e2d\u6587\u7c21\u7a31\u300c\u6bdb\u3001\u76ae\u3001\u6de8\u300d\uff0c\u6574\u7bb1\u8ca8\u54c1\u7684\u91cd\u91cf\u662f\u6bdb\u91cd(gross weight)\uff0c\u55ae\u55ae\u8ca8\u54c1\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u91cd\u91cf\u662f\u6de8\u91cd(net weight)\uff0c\u5169\u8005\u7684\u76f8\u5dee\u5c31\u662f\u7d19\u7bb1\u7684\u91cd\u91cf\uff0c\u4fd7\u540d\u662f\u300c\u76ae\u300d\u3002<\/p>\n<figure><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"content_image lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/pic1.zhimg.com\/50\/v2-28bcbedee44e5d8c6229ded8fa5e19d4_hd.jpg?w=389&#038;ssl=1\"  \/><\/figure>\n<p>\u5728\u8861\u91cf\u4f01\u696d\u76c8\u5229\u80fd\u529b\u6642\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u53ea\u95dc\u5fc3\u300c\u7d14\u5229\u300d\uff0c\u5373\u662f\u7e3d\u6536\u5165\u6e1b\u53bb\u7e3d\u6210\u672c\uff1b\u4f46\u7121\u8ad6\u6536\u5165\u6216\u652f\u51fa\uff0c\u6709\u67d0\u4e00\u90e8\u4efd\u662f\u71df\u696d\u984d(sales)\u4ee5\u5916\u7684\uff0c\u5982\u7269\u696d\u91cd\u4f30\u3001\u6e1b\u503c\u64a5\u56de\uff0c\u540c\u6a23\u5730\u6210\u672c\u4e5f\u6709\u975e\u71df\u696d\u7684\u5982\u71c8\u6cb9\u200b\u200b\u706b\u881f\u7b49\u7d93\u5e38\u6027\u958b\u652f(overhead)\u7a05\u9805\u3001\u6298\u820a\u3001\u8463\u4e8b\u916c\u91d1\u7b49\u3002\u5982\u8981\u4e86\u89e3\u4f01\u696d\u71df\u904b\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u4e5f\u61c9\u8a72\u8003\u616e\u6bdb\u5229\u3002\u6bdb\u5229\u7387\u4f4e\u5373\u71df\u904b\u6a21\u5f0f\u6b20\u7f3a\u6548\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6709\u4eba\u8a62\u554f\u7b46\u8005\uff0c\u70ba\u751a\u9ebc\u516c\u53f8\u505a\u6bcf\u4e00\u55ae\u751f\u610f\u90fd\u8cfa\u9322\uff0c\u5e74\u5c3e\u57cb\u6578\u6642\u537b\u662f\u8755\u9322\u5462\uff1f\u7b46\u8005\u4e00\u770b\u640d\u76ca\u8868\uff0c\u6bdb\u5229\u9023\u79df\u91d1\u85aa\u91d1\u4e5f\u84cb\u4e0d\u4f4f\uff0c\u53c8\u600e\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u8755\u9322\uff1f\u6839\u672c\u539f\u56e0\u662f\u71df\u696d\u6536\u5165\u4e0d\u8db3\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u908a\u969b\u5229\u6f64\u662f\u6b63\u6578\u4e5f\u7121\u88dc\u65bc\u4e8b\u3002\u540c\u6a23\u9053\u7406\uff0c\u67d0\u4e9b\u4e0a\u5e02\u516c\u53f8\u5373\u4f7f\u6bdb\u5229\u8cfa\u9322\uff0c\u4f46\u4e03\u9664\u516b\u6263\u5f8c\u537b\u8755\u9322\uff0c\u5373\u53ef\u80fd\u56e0\u70ba\u975e\u71df\u696d\u652f\u51fa\u6bd4\u8f03\u5927\uff0c\u7576\u4e2d\u6700\u523a\u773c\u7684\u662f\u300c\u8463\u4e8b\u916c\u91d1\u300d\u3002\u76c8\u5229\u5e7e\u5104\uff0c\u8463\u4e8b\u916c\u91d1\u5e7e\u5343\u842c\u7684\u516c\u53f8\u6bd4\u6bd4\u7686\u662f\u3002\u7d19\u76ae\u592a\u539a\u7684\u4f01\u696d\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u7ba1\u7406\u5c64\u51fa\u73fe\u4e86\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6709\u4eba\u9001\u4e00\u5927\u76d2\u79ae\u7269\u7d66\u4f60\uff0c\u62c6\u958b\u4f86\u539f\u4f86\u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u7c92\u77f3\u4ed4\uff0c\u4f60\u6703\u6709\u4f55\u611f\u60f3\uff1f<\/p>\n<p><u><b>\u56de\u5831\u80fd\u529b(Return)<\/b><\/u><\/p>\n<figure><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/pic2.zhimg.com\/50\/v2-e51747e24c2c276ba27c4e61cd3c239a_hd.jpg?w=592&#038;ssl=1\"  \/><\/figure>\n<p>\u4e0a\u4e00\u7d44\u6bd4\u7387\u662f\u8a08\u7b97\u300c\u505a\u5e7e\u591a\u751f\u610f\u8cfa\u5e7e\u591a\u9322\u300d\uff0c\u4eca\u7d44\u662f\u300c\u6253\u5e7e\u591a\u672c\u9322\u8cfa\u5e7e\u591a\u9322\u300d\u3002\u7406\u8ad6\u4e0a\u4f01\u696d\u662f\u300c\u672c\u4f86\u7121\u4e00\u7269\u300d\u7684\uff0c\u4f01\u696d\u5167\u7684\u8cc7\u672c\u90fd\u662f\u300c\u501f\u300d\u56de\u4f86\u7684\uff0c\u5411\u80a1\u6771\u300c\u501f\u300d\u4ee5\u53ca\u80a1\u6771\u5269\u843d\uff08\u4fdd\u7559\u76c8\u5229\uff09\u7684\u662f\u300c\u80a1\u6771\u6b0a\u76ca\u300d(Shareholder Equity)\uff0c\u518d\u52a0\u4e0a\u5411\u5916\u754c\u501f\u5165\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u7e3d\u8cc7\u7522(Total Asset)\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7b46\u8005\u518d\u8209\u4e00\u500b\u751f\u6d3b\u4e00\u9ede\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a\u4e00\u5ea7\u6536\u79df\u7269\u696d\u696d\u4e3b\u4ee51,200\u842c\u8cb7\u5165\uff0c\u4ed8\u51fa\u4e86\u9996\u671f360\u842c\uff0c\u5411\u9280\u884c\u6309\u63ed840\u842c\uff0c\u6bcf\u5e74\u79df\u91d1\u6de8\u6536\u516550\u842c\uff08\u6263\u9664\u5dee\u9909\u3001\u7ba1\u7406\u8cbb\u3001\u6309\u63ed\u5229\u606f\u7b49\uff09\u3002\u7576\u4e2d\u80a1\u6771\u6b0a\u76ca\u5c31\u662f\u696d\u4e3b\u4ed8\u51fa\u7684\u9996\u671f\uff0c\u7e3d\u8cc7\u7522\u662f1,200\u842c\uff0c\u5247\u8cc7\u7522\u56de\u5831\u7387(ROA)\u662f$50\u842c\/ $1,200\u842c= 4.17%\uff0c\u4f46\u7531\u65bc\u696d\u4e3b\u53ea\u662f\u4ed8\u51fa360\u842c\uff0c\u5176\u9918\u662f\u85c9\u56de\u4f86\u7684\uff0c\u5247\u80a1\u6771\u6b0a\u76ca\u56de\u5831\u7387(ROE)\u662f$50\u842c\/ $360\u842c= 13.89%<\/p>\n<p>\u53ef\u898b\u4f01\u696d\u900f\u904e\u501f\u8cb8\u58ef\u5927\u8cc7\u7522\uff0c\u4ee4\u5230\u7d14\u5229\u7684\u7d55\u5c0d\u503c\u63d0\u5347\uff0c\u7531\u65bc\u7e3d\u8cc7\u7522\u8207\u80a1\u6771\u6b0a\u76ca\u7684\u5dee\u8ddd\uff0c\u53cd\u6620\u5728\u5206\u6bcd\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u81ea\u7136\u5f97\u51fa\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u56de\u5831\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u512a\u79c0\u7684\u516c\u53f8\u61c9\u628a\u63e1\u501f\u8cb8\u80fd\u529b\u63d0\u9ad8\u7d14\u5229\u6c34\u5e73\uff0c\u4ee4\u5230ROE\u9060\u9ad8\u65bcROA\u3002\u76f8\u53cd\u5982\u679c\u5169\u8005\u6578\u503c\u5747\u504f\u4f4e\uff0c\u986f\u793a\u8cc7\u672c\u61c9\u7528\u6548\u7387\u4f4e\uff0c\u5f71\u97ff\u6295\u8cc7\u50f9\u503c\u3002\u5982\u5169\u500b\u6bd4\u7387\u76f8\u8ddd\u5f88\u5927\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u516c\u53f8\u5411\u5916\u754c\u501f\u5165\u9ad8\u6bd4\u7387\u7684\u8cc7\u7522\u3002<\/p>\n<p><b><u>\u8ca0\u50b5\u6bd4\u7387(Liability)<\/u><\/b><\/p>\n<figure><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/pic2.zhimg.com\/50\/v2-f1473507aebe074fdf9e3b6f45e9b13f_hd.jpg?w=595&#038;ssl=1\"  \/><\/figure>\n<p>\u8861\u91cf\u4f01\u696d\u6709\u6c92\u6709\u904e\u5ea6\u501f\u8cb8\u4f7f\u7528\u8ca0\u50b5\u6bd4\u7387\uff0c\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u662f\u4e0a\u8ff0\u5169\u500b\u6bd4\u7387\u3002\u5f15\u7528\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u8cb7\u6a13\u6536\u79df\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u8cc7\u7522\u8ca0\u50b5\u7387\u662f$840\u842c\/ $1,200\u842c= 70%\uff0c\u800c\u80a1\u6771\u6b0a\u76ca\u8ca0\u50b5\u7387\u662f$840\u842c\/ $360\u842c= 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data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/pic1.zhimg.com\/50\/v2-6fd9ced61ca9c98144b5ff051ae39813_hd.jpg?w=595&#038;ssl=1\"  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